Annas

Annas appears in the UPDV at two narrative hinge-points: the Lukan dating of John the Baptist's ministry, where he is named alongside Caiaphas at the head of the high priesthood, and the Johannine arrest scene, where Jesus is led to him first and only afterward bound over to Caiaphas. The umbrella files him under a single line — "Associate high priest with Caiaphas" — and the verses it gathers give the joint-priesthood note in Lu 3:2 and the arrest at Jn 18:13. The further UPDV verses (Jn 18:19, Jn 18:24) round out the hearing before Annas and the transfer that ends it.

Joint high priesthood with Caiaphas

The first UPDV mention dates the start of John the Baptist's preaching by the priestly office Annas shares with his son-in-law: "in the highpriesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness" (Lu 3:2). The two names are bracketed together in a single ablative-style genitive — one office, two figures — and the rest of the gospels treat that pairing as the standing description of Annas's place.

Father-in-law to Caiaphas

When Jesus is arrested in the garden, the Johannine narrative routes him first to Annas before any session with Caiaphas. The reason is given on the spot: "and led him to Annas first; for he was father in law to Caiaphas, who was high priest that year" (Jn 18:13). The verse fixes Annas's relation to Caiaphas as a kinship line, and his procedural priority — "first" — as a function of that kinship rather than of an independent office held in his own right at that moment.

The hearing before Annas

The interrogation that follows is conducted by "the high priest" before the transfer named in Jn 18:24, so the questioning sits in Annas's house. "The high priest therefore asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his teaching" (Jn 18:19). Jesus declines a private accounting and directs the questioner to the public record of his teaching: "I have spoken openly to the world; I ever taught in synagogues, and in the temple, where all the Jews come together; and in secret I spoke nothing. Why do you ask me? Ask those who have heard [me], what I spoke to them: look, these know the things which I said" (Jn 18:20-21). The exchange ends with a struck blow from one of the attendants — "Do you answer the high priest so?" (Jn 18:22) — and Jesus's reply: "If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why do you strike me?" (Jn 18:23).

Transfer to Caiaphas

Only after the hearing does Annas hand Jesus on to his son-in-law: "Annas therefore sent him bound to Caiaphas the high priest" (Jn 18:24). The verse names Annas explicitly, marks the change of custody ("bound"), and applies the title "the high priest" to Caiaphas at the point of receipt. The pairing that opens the gospels in Lu 3:2 closes the night-trial sequence here, with the case moving out of Annas's house and into Caiaphas's.