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Cockatrice

Topics · Updated 2026-05-04

The umbrella term cockatrice is the older English name for a venomous serpent — a fabulous snake in popular legend, used in earlier Bible translations to render Hebrew terms for a venom-snake whose strike is treated as lethal. UPDV does not carry the word cockatrice itself in its text; it renders the underlying creatures as cobra, adder, viper, and serpent. The four passages collected under this umbrella are all prophetic — two from Isaiah using the snake-figure for the wicked or for Philistine reversal, one from Isaiah's vision of messianic peace, and one from Jeremiah where Yahweh announces the snakes as his own judgment-instrument (Isa 11:8; Isa 14:29; Isa 59:5; Jer 8:17).

The Venom-Snake Disarmed in Messianic Peace

In the Branch-of-Jesse vision, the cockatrice-class serpent is named in its UPDV form as cobra and adder, and its lethal capacity is suspended: "And the nursing child will play on the hole of the cobra, and the weaned child will put his hand on the adder's den" (Isa 11:8). The cobra's burrow becomes the play-site of a nursing child; the weaned child reaches a bare hand into the adder's den. The umbrella is graded here at the children-play-and-handle register — the venom-snake is still named, but its strike is no longer in operation.

The Broken Rod Producing a Worse Successor

The Philistine oracle uses the cockatrice-class as a figure of judgment-progression. The rod that had been striking Philistia is broken, but the serpent-root from which the rod came is not yet exhausted: "Do not rejoice, O Philistia, all of you, because the rod that struck you is broken; for out of the serpent's root will come forth an adder, and his fruit will be a fiery flying serpent" (Isa 14:29). The lineage runs from broken rod to adder to fiery flying serpent, each stage worse than the last. Premature rejoicing over a partial relief is rebuked by the snake-line still producing.

The Wicked as a Snake Hatchery

In Isa 59:5 the cockatrice-class becomes a figure for the production-line of the wicked themselves: "They hatch adders' eggs, and weave the spider's web: he who eats of their eggs dies; and that which is crushed breaks out into a viper" (Isa 59:5). Three verbs structure the figure — hatch, eat, crush. The wicked hatch adders' eggs as their work-product. Whoever eats one of these eggs dies. And what looks like an egg already crushed and neutralized turns out to break open and release a viper. The umbrella is graded here at the wicked-as-snake-brood register: the entire output of the wicked is exhibited as a venom-serpent hatchery whose every product is deadly, including the ones that appear destroyed.

The Un-Charmable Adders Sent by Yahweh

Jeremiah names the snake-attack as Yahweh's own announced act, with the un-charmable trait isolated as the operative content: "For, look, I will send serpents, adders, among you⁺, which will not be charmed; and they will bite you⁺, says Yahweh" (Jer 8:17). The plural-you marker ⁺ on among you⁺ and bite you⁺ fastens the address to the people-class as a whole. The standard recourse to a snake-charmer is taken off the table — these adders will not be charmed. The umbrella is graded here at the divinely-released register: the venom-snake brood is Yahweh's own un-charmable judgment-instrument against the addressed people.

The Shape of the Umbrella

Across the four passages the cockatrice-umbrella collates a single creature-class — the venom-snake whose strike is treated as lethal — and tracks its operative-content through several distinct registers: the snake disarmed in messianic peace (Isa 11:8), the snake-line still producing after a partial-judgment break (Isa 14:29), the snake-hatchery figure of wicked production (Isa 59:5), and the snake-brood as Yahweh's own un-charmable instrument (Jer 8:17). The English umbrella cockatrice is older translation-vocabulary; in UPDV the same creature is named directly as cobra, adder, viper, or serpent in each verse.