Target

"Target" is an archaic English term for a small shield. Where older translations have "target," UPDV typically renders the underlying Hebrew as "buckler," and in Goliath's armor passage it renders the related word as "javelin." The umbrella collects the verses traditionally indexed under "target" — small-shield and ornamental-shield notices, plus the Goliath verse where the same vocabulary takes a different sense.

Spearmen and Bucklers in Asa's Army

Asa's army of Judah and Benjamin is reckoned by the gear the men carry: "And Asa had an army that bore bucklers and spears, out of Judah three hundred thousand; and out of Benjamin, that bore shields and drew bows, 280,000: all these were mighty men of valor" (2Ch 14:8). The Judahites carry buckler-and-spear; the Benjamites carry shield-and-bow. The buckler is the smaller piece — the "target" of older translations.

Goliath's Javelin of Bronze

In the description of Goliath, what older translations rendered "target of brass between his shoulders" UPDV gives as a javelin: "And he had greaves of bronze on his legs, and a javelin of bronze between his shoulders" (1Sa 17:6). The bronze piece slung at the back is read as a throwing weapon rather than a small shield.

Solomon's Gold Bucklers

Solomon casts ornamental gold bucklers as part of his royal display. The Kings parallel: "And King Solomon made two hundred bucklers of beaten gold; six hundred [shekels] of gold went to one buckler" (1Ki 10:16). The Chronicles parallel adds the same metal-weight detail: "And King Solomon made two hundred bucklers of beaten gold; six hundred [shekels] of beaten gold went to one buckler" (2Ch 9:15). The "targets of beaten gold" of older translations are these gold bucklers — display pieces, not battlefield armor, made of two hundred per the run and weighing six hundred shekels of gold each.